The electrophysiology of heart refers to the study of the electrical properties and patterns of the heart’s cells and tissues that underlie its rhythmic beating and coordination. The heart’s electrical system is responsible for initiating and regulating the cardiac cycle, ensuring that the heart contracts and relaxes in a synchronized manner.
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CVS Physiology Lecture # 13 Study Notes: Autoregulation – Cutaneous Blood Flow
The cutaneous blood flow is primarily regulated by extrinsic factors, i.e. the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Another extrinsic factor, exclusive to cutaneous blood flow, is the regulation of blood flow due to thermal changes. Therefore, skin is the...
CVS Physiology Lecture # 15 Study Notes: Autoregulation – Coronary Blood Flow
The coronary vasculature supplies blood to the muscles of the heart (myocardium). These coronary arteries are the first branches (right & left coronary arteries) that arise from the aorta, and they run on the surface of the heart's muscle. Branches from the...
CVS Physiology Lecture # 14 Study Notes: Autoregulation – Cerebral Blood Flow
The vessels supplying the brain tissue are separated from the CSF by a blood-brain barrier. Blood flow in these vessels is autoregulated through intrinsic mechanisms (autoregulation). The brain does have sympathetic nerves innervating its blood vessels but these...
CVS Physiology Lecture # 9 Study Notes: Blood Pressures
This lecture is about various pressures relating to the cardiovascular system and the different factors which affect them. STROKE VOLUME (SV): Stroke volume is the amount of blood ejected through the left ventricle during one systole. Therefore stroke volume is the...
CVS Physiology Lecture # 16 Study Notes: Blood Pressure Control by Baroreceptors
The MAP, also considered as the perfusion pressure, is taken as the pressure difference between the arteries and the veins. The regulation of blood pressure is done in order to maintain the MAP. The MAP hence dictates the amount of oxygen and nutrients that is...
Physiology Lecture # 4 Study Notes: Hemodynamics – Blood Flow
Basic Metric system: 1m = 39.37 inches 1ml = 1 cubic centimetre (cm^3) A cubic centimetre is diagrammed as a small cube which has all its lengths equal to 1 centimetre. Click Here To Watch Video Lecture For This Topic Cross-Sectional Area The cardiovascular system is...
Physiology Lecture # 3 Study Notes: Hemodynamics – Blood Flow Velocity
The assumptions made in this lecture to understand the velocity of blood flow are as follows: Click Here To Watch Video Lecture For This Topic 1 meter = 39.37 inches 1 millilitre = 1 cubic centimetre A cubic centimetre is diagrammed as a small cube which has all its...
CVS Physiology Lecture # 9 Study Notes: Autoregulation of Blood Flow
When we talk about autoregulation, it's not the blood pressure we are talking about but it's rather the blood flow over a changing pressure which is being regulated. In terms of hemodynamics, the flow across a blood vessel is determined by the pressure gradient across...
CVS Physiology Lecture # 19 Study Notes: Autonomic Control of Nodal Action Potential
INNERVATION OF THE HEART PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (PANS) The right and left Vagus nerve (CN10) supply the SA node and the AV node respectively. Apart from the two nodes, the Vagus nerve also innervates the atrial muscles and the AV bundle. Parasympathetic supply...